I. 要點
1、 一般現在時
(1) 表示經常發生的動作或現在存在的狀態，常與sometimes, always, often, every day等時間狀語連用。如：Sometimes, we go swimming after school.
(2) 表示客觀真理、科學事實等。如：The earth goes round the sun.
2、 現在進行時
(1) 表示說話時或現階段正在進行的動作，常與now, at present等時間狀語連用。如：
What are you doing now?
(2) 和always, continually等連用，表一種經常反復的動作，常含有某種情感。如：
He is always doing good deeds.
3、 現在完成時
主要表示動作發生在過去，對現在仍有影響，或動作一直延續到現在，或可能還要繼續下去，常與just, already, so far, once, never 等詞連用。如:Have you ever been to Beijing?
4、一般將來時
表示將來某一時間要發生的動作或存在的狀態，常與tomorrow, next year等連用。如：
I'll meet you at the school gate tomorrow morning.
We're going to see a film next Monday.
5、一般過去時
表示在過去某一時間或某一階段內發生的動作或存在的狀態，常與yesterday, last year, in 1998, a moment ago等詞連用。如：It happened many years ago.
6、過去進行時
表示過去某一時刻或某一時期正在發生的動作。如：
What were you doing this time yesterday?
7、 過去完成時
表示在過去某一時間或動作之前已經發生或完成了的動作。如：
The train had already left before we arrived.
8、一般過去將來時
表示說話人從過去的角度來看將來發生的動作。如：
He said he would come, but he didn't.
動詞虛擬語氣
I. 要點
表示說的話不是事實，或者是不可能發生的情況，而是一種愿望、建議或與事實相反的假設等。一般常用于正式的書面語中。
1、 虛擬語氣的構成
情景 條件從句的謂語動詞 主句的謂語動詞
與現在事實相反 動詞過去式 (be要用were) should
+動詞原形
would
與過去事實相反 had +過去分詞 should
+have+過去分詞
would
與將來事實相反 1、動詞過去時
2、should +動詞原形
3、were to +動詞原形 should
+動詞原形
would
注：如果條件從句謂語動詞包含有were或had, should, could有時可將if省去, 但要倒裝。如：
Had you (If you had) invited us, we would have come to your party.
2、 虛擬語氣在各種從句的應用
(1) 在主語從句中用來表示驚奇、惋惜、理應如此等，其謂語形式是"should(可省) +動詞原形"，常用于以下三種句型中。
句型一：It is necessary (important, natural, strange, etc) that…
句型二：It is a pity (a shame, no wonder, etc) that…
句型三：It is suggested (requested, proposed, desired, etc) that…
如： It is strange that he (should) have done that.
It is a pity that he (should) be so careless.
It is requested that we (should) be so careless.
(2) 在賓語從句中用于suggest, propose, move, insist, desire, demand, request, order, command等動詞后的賓語從句中，表間接的命令和建議。其謂語形式是"(should)+動詞原形"。如：
I suggest that we (should) go swimming.
(3) 在表語從句中，表示間接的命令，要求、請求、建議、決定等，主句中的主語通常是suggestion, proposal, request, orders, idea等。從句謂語形式是"(should)+動詞原形"。如：
His suggestion is that we (should) leave at once.
(4) 在同位語從句中，謂語形式是"(should)+動詞原形"。如：
We received order that the work be done at once.
(5) 在It is time that…句型中，其謂語動詞形式是"動詞的過去式"或
"should +動詞原形",should不可省。如：It's time (that) we went ( should go) to school.
II. 例題
例1 We had hoped that he ____ longer.
A stays B have stayed C stayed D would stay
解析：該題正確答案為D。had hoped表示"本希望"，同樣用法的動詞還有think, expect等，后面的句子需用虛擬語氣
例2 "Mary wants to see you today".
"I would rather she ____ tomorrow than today."
A comes B came C should come D will come
解析：該題正確答案為B。would rather后面的從句需用虛擬語氣，用動詞過去時表示。www.examw.com
例3 Had she been older, she ____ it better.
A had done B might have done C might do D would do
解析：Had she been older = If she had been old. 故該題正確答案為B。
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